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Chicago Citation Style, 18th Edition

A University of Lethbridge Library guide to Chicago Manual of Style citations.

Blogs and Social Media
(Sections 14.105 and 14.106)

Blog posts are cited, and frequently indistinguishable, from news articles. See the Manual, 14.89-14.98.

Example 1 – Blog Entry
N: 1. Paul Halsall, "Who Is to Blame in the Israel Palestine Debate," English Eclectic (blog), December 21, 2009, http://englisheclectic.blogspot.ca/.

 

Example 2 – Blog Comment
N: 1. Richard Landes, December 21, 2009, comment on Paul Halsall, "Who Is to Blame in the Israel Palestine Debate," English Eclectic (blog), December 21, 2009, http://englisheclectic.blogspot.ca/.

 

Posts and comments shared on social media are usually cited in text or a note, not listed in the bibliography.

Example 3 – Facebook Post
N: 1. Justin Trudeau, "Busy first day in Vietnam. We're focused on a variety of important issues like increasing trade and promoting human rights," Facebook, November 8, 2017, https://www.facebook.com/JustinPJTrudeau/posts/10156155270170649.

 

Twitter content posted before the company's 2023 rebranding as X does not need to refer to the new name, though it can be added parenthetically.

Example 4 – Tweet
N: 1. NASA Webb Telescope (@NASAWebb), "👀 Sneak a peak at the deepest & sharpest infrared image of the early ever taken–all in a day's work for the Webb telescope. (Literally, capturing it took less than a day!)," Twitter (now X), July 11, 2022, https://twitter.com/NASAWebb/status/1546621080298835970.

 

Example 5 – Instagram Photo
N: 1. World Health Organization (@who), "Stop using antibiotics in healthy animals to prevent the spread of #AntibioticResistance," Instagram photo, November 7, 2017, https://www.instagram.com/p/BbMwkRngtip/.
Two overlapping chat bubbles