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APA Citation Style, Seventh Edition

Section 10.1

In General:

  • When citing a journal article (whether accessed online or in print) that has a Digital Object Identifier (DOI), include the DOI in the reference entry formatted as a hyperlink (i.e., beginning with "https://" or  "http://").
  • If an online work has both a DOI and a URL, only include the DOI in the reference entry. 
  • If an online work does not have a DOI, include the URL according to the rules listed in Section 9.34 of the Manual. For works from most academic research databases, the URL is not required.
  • You can present DOIs and URLs as either standardized hyperlinks (typically blue and underlined) or in plain text.
  • For a work with three or more authors, include only the name of the first author followed by "et al." in every in-text citation, including the first.
 
 

General Format

      In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): 
     (Author Surname et al., Year)
     
      In-Text Citation (Quotation):
      (Author Surname et al., Year, Page Number)
 
      References:
Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., & Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Article title: Subtitle. Title of Periodical, Volume(issue), page range. https:// DOI OR https:// URL of article
 
Example
 
      In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): 
      (Kolb et al., 2017)
 
      In-Text Citation (Quotation): 
      (Kolb et al., 2017, pp. 1220-1221)
 
      References:
Kolb, B., Harker, A., & Gibb, R. (2017). Principles of plasticity in the developing brain. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 59(12), 1218-1223. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.13546