In General:
- If you would like to cite a source you did not consult that is referenced in a source you did consult, only include the name of the original source author in your in-text citations
- When citing a source that is referenced in another source, only include the source you consulted in your reference list.
- It is always preferable to find, read, and cite the primary source directly, though this is not always possible.
Example
In-Text Citation (Paraphrase):
Fong’s 1987 study (as cited in Bertram, 1996) found that older students’ memories can be as good as that of younger students, but this depends on how memory is tested.
References:
Do not include Fong (1987) in your references; do include Bertram (1996).